Jabber ibn Hayane
Ibn Hayyan is one of the greatest scholars of the Middle Ages, named Abu Musa Jabir bin Hayyan bin Abdullah al-Azmi al-Kufi, the title of the father of chemistry, who laid the foundations of modern chemistry. His father, Hayyan bin Abdullah Attara, owned a shop for perfume.
He was a preacher of the Abbasid state.
His father migrated from Yemen to Khurasan to call the Abbasid state there. Jaber was born in the village of Tous in Khurasan in 102 AH.
Ibn Hayyan worked with his father in the perfume shop, and learned by his father the science of perfumery and plants, medicine and industry, and some chemistry, the father of Jabir ibn Hayyan was then killed by the Umayyads after they discovered his invitation to the Abbasid state.
Achievements of Jaber bin Hayyan
After the death of Ibn Hayyan's father, his family returned to settle in Yemen and settled there until the establishment of the Abbasid state.
Ibn Hayyan settled after the establishment of the Abbasid state and the demise of the Umayyad state in Kufa, where he lived in a large house and opened a small shop to earn money.
In the study of chemistry and the testing of ancient chemists.
Ibn Hayyan took on Imam Jaafar al-Sadiq's many chemical knowledge.
Imam al-Sadiq took his science from the Egyptians, Greeks, Indians, and Chinese.
Ibn Hayyan also took Imam al-Sadiq from his linguistic and Shari'a sciences.
Ibn Hayyan then settled in Baghdad. He practiced medicine during the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid under the patronage of his minister Jaafar al-Baramki. After the caliphate of Harun al-Rashid in Burmakah, Ibn Hayyan fled Baghdad to preserve his life until he died in Kufa after a life full of scholarship, Of his age.
One of the Western thinkers said: "Jabir preferred chemistry, such as Hippocrates in medicine, Aristotle and Talis in logic, and Euclid in engineering."
Discoveries of Jabir ibn Hayyan
In the era of Ibn Hayyan, the chemistry was only myths based on the primary myths, and governed by incorrect theories.
Jabir Ibn Hayyan was the first to introduce the practical experience in chemistry.
He believed that the perfection of science was the experiment. He first used the balance in measuring the quantities of solutions used in His experiments, as Ibn Hayyan described the steps of experiments, described evaporation, distillation, sublimation, crystallization, and calcification.
Ibn Hayyan attended several chemicals such as silver chloride and arsenic.
Ibn Hayyan discovered caustic soda or NaOH, the first to evoke gold or royal water, and first discovered nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and oil Alumina, the first to separate silver from gold by acid.
He also added two elements to the four elements of Greece: sulfur and mercury.
He added to the Arabs Johara, the salt.
He was the first to invent a distillation device.
He was the first to introduce metals, develop the steel industry, and improve the quality of glass.
By mixing with manganese dioxide, the alkali inventor.
Works by Jaber bin Hayyan
Ibn Hayyan left seventy books on the latest of chemistry in his time, the book of poisons and the payment of its disadvantages, which divided it into five chapters, and divided the toxins into animal and stone It is the link between chemistry and medicine, the book of the origins of chemistry, the book of scales, the book of mercury, the book of properties, the book of borders, the book of the Great Sun, the Book of the Great Moon, and many other books.
0 Comments