Treatment of diabetes
Diabetes
Diabetes is defined as one of the chronic health problems that accompany the patient throughout his life. This disease is characterized by an abnormally high blood sugar levels.
In fact, there are two main types of the disease. The first type is caused by an attack of the immune system In the body insulin-producing cells, while the second type of diabetes appears either as a result of non-response of cells of the body to insulin secreted in the required manner, or the result of lack of secretion of the body to meet the need of insulin, it is worth mentioning that the second type of diabetes more common than Type 1 diabetes, for example, accounts for 90% of all diabetes cases in the UK, while Type 1 accounts for no more than 10% of all cases.
It is worth noting that there is a health problem linked to diabetes, known as gestational diabetes (Gestational Diabetes).
This condition increases blood sugar levels in excess of the body's production of insulin.
Lifestyle adjustments
There are some adjustments that are recommended for the lifestyle of the patient to control his sugar levels, from the visit to the doctor to develop a comprehensive treatment plan, and access to a healthy lifestyle, this in turn reduces the likelihood of suffering from the potential complications that may result from suffering from high levels of sugar In the blood, these modifications include:
It is important to note that the time and number of meals play a key role in controlling blood sugar levels, as well as the nature of the food itself, especially in patients with type 1 disease. In case of infection, In type 2 diabetes it is worth mentioning that weight loss in case of suffering is a must to control the levels of sugar in the blood, and generally depends on the diet prepared by the specialist on several factors, including the weight of the patient and his desire to eat and nature.
Consult your doctor about the type of exercise that a diabetic can exercise. Exercising reduces blood sugar levels and improves the body's response to insulin if given, so blood sugar levels may be reduced to a critical level. This is followed by following the guidelines for measuring sugar levels before exercising or having a snack half an hour before starting exercise.
To maintain the readings of blood pressure and cholesterol within the limits of natural, and follow the appropriate diet and take medicines according to the instructions of the specialist doctor and instructions.
Quitting smoking and you cause it to increase the likelihood of suffering complications of diabetes, including stroke, heart attacks, and problems associated with nerves and kidneys.
Review the ophthalmologist to follow up the cases of diabetes to detect any complications resulting from the suffering of diabetes as soon as possible, in order to control and prevent the progress.
Taking vaccinations periodically, as the doctor deems appropriate, because high levels of sugar in the blood causes the weakening of the immune system in the person, which leads to increased exposure to infection, including influenza, and the vaccine that is recommended to be taken periodically: influenza, should be taken Once a year.
It is advisable to wash the feet with lukewarm water and be careful to dry them after washing, especially between the fingers, and then moisturize them with a suitable moisturizer.
Diabetics are advised to inspect their feet every day to monitor the appearance of wounds or ulcers or any problems.
If not cured.
Refrain from drinking alcohol.
Control anger and distance from the causes of tension.
Pharmacological treatments
In fact, the treatment of the first type of diabetes depends on the injection of insulin, while there are many options that can be given in the case of diabetes type II in addition to the possibility of giving insulin according to what the doctor sees fit, and can be detailed in the following:
Insulin: It has many types, including short acting, including rapid acting, such as insulin glulisine, Insulin lispro, Intermediate Insulin, such as NPH, and the latter is long acting, such as Insulin glargine.
Sodium Glucose Transporter 2 inhibitors: These drugs help to eliminate glucose through the urine.
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, which helps the pancreas to produce more insulin, and drugs of this group: Saxagliptin and Sitagliptin.
Dopamine agonist, and bromocriptine, but it is not yet known how the drugs in this group help lower blood sugar levels.
Incretin mimetics, and the drugs of this group are called liraglutide.
Sulfonylurea (Sulfonylurea): The drugs of this group stimulate pancreatic cells to secrete insulin, such as Glimepiride and Gliclazide.
Thiazolidinedione: Rosiglitazone and Pioglitazone.
Metformin: Metformin reduces the amount of sugar produced by the liver, reducing the amount of sugar absorbed by the intestine, which improves the sensitivity of the body's cells to insulin, and helps muscles absorb glucose.
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